What are Leukocytes? White blood cells, also known as leukocytes, are a type of blood cell produced in the bone marrow and present in the...

What is Creatinine? Creatine, a natural derivative of amino acid, plays a significant role in the functioning of the body. It plays a...

What is Calcium? Calcium is naturally present in the body and plays an essential role in various physiological functions, including bone...

What is Albumin? Albumin is a protein produced by the liver and present in the blood (see article on proteins). It helps transport...

What is Ascorbic Acid? Vitamin C is also known as ascorbic acid. It is a water-soluble molecule found in food, particularly citrus...

What are Red Blood Cells? Red blood cells are the blood cells that carry oxygen to the body. The presence of blood in the urine following...

What is pH? Urinary pH is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of urine. It reflects the concentration of hydrogen ions in urine, with...

What is Specific Gravity? Urine specific gravity (aka. urine density) refers to the measurement of urine concentration, which reflects...

What are Proteins? Proteins correspond to the detection of albumin (a protein that transports fatty acids in the blood, see article on...

What is Glucose? During intense exercise, the body needs energy to fuel the muscles. To provide this energy, the body breaks down the...

What is Bilirubin? Bilirubin is a yellow pigment produced during the body’s breakdown of red blood cells. Under normal circumstances, the...

What are Nitrites? Nitrites are conversion products of nitrates. Nitrates are naturally occurring compounds found in many foods,...

What is Ketone? Ketones are molecules produced by the liver when the body breaks down fats for energy in the absence of sufficient...